PNEUMONIA
PNEUMONIA It can be defined as an acute inflammatory condition of the lungs, which primarily infects the alveoli. It accounts for 14% of all deaths of children under 5 years of age. The causes of pneumonia can be bacterial, viral, fungal. It has a high rate of incidence in the extreme years of life. CAUSES: The causes of pneumonia are classified into, Hospital and Non-hospital causes. Hospital Causes include: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Others Non-Hospital Causes include: Pneumococcus, Mycoplasma, Haemophilus Influenzae, Legionella, Others Pneumonia results from the proliferation of microbial pathogens at the alveolar level and the host’s response to those pathogens. The most common is aspiration from the oropharynx. Many pathogens are inhaled as contaminated droplets. Rarely, pneumonia occurs via hematogenous spread (e.g., from tricuspid endocarditis) or by contiguous extension from an infected pleural or mediastinal space. RISK FACTORS:...
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